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The diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism is quite
straightforward: a normal serum fT4 and a moderately high TSH level establish the
diagnosis. Serum fT3 is usually normal, and so fT3 estimations do not add much to the
diagnosis. Of course, a drug- induced increase in TSH should be ruled out. A slightly
abnormal serum TSH value should be confirmed by a second estimation later, since it may be
transient or due to drug administration.
These tests should be requested in all middle-aged and elderly
persons, and especially those with symptoms and findings possibly associated with mild
hypothyroidism, such as tiredness, hypercholesterolemia etc.
However, since "subclinical" by definition excludes the
presence of obvious clinical symptoms and signs, and since this condition is quite
prevalent, the question arises whether all persons, at least from an age and up, should be
screened for a mild thyroid failure. Weetman (12) does not recommend screening of all the
healthy adult population, whereas Danese and his co-workers13 claim that screening is
cost-effective and should be considered in persons 35 years or older. This is even more important in more elderly females.
The authors practice is to ask for serum fT4, TSH and
autoantibodies (AAB) in all females 35 years old and all males 50 years old, as discussed
in more detail later.
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